System Outline

If the brake pedal is depressed suddenly, the ABS controls the hydraulic pressure of the wheel cylinders on all the four wheels automatically to prevent the wheels from locking and ensure the directional and steering stability of the vehicle. If the brake pedal is depressed suddenly, the skid control ECU controls the solenoids in the actuators, using the signals from the sensors to move the brake fluid to the reservoir in order to release the braking pressure being applied to the wheel cylinders. If the skid control ECU detects that the fluid pressure in the wheel cylinders is insufficient, the ECU controls the solenoids in the actuators to increase the braking pressure.

The traction control system controls the engine torque, the hydraulic pressure of the driving wheel cylinders, and any wheel slippage which may occur when the vehicle takes off or accelerates, to optimize the driving power and vehicle stability according to the road conditions.

Unexpected road conditions, high vehicle speed, an emergency situation, and many other external factors can cause a large under- or over-steer in the vehicle. If this occurs, the VSC system automatically controls the engine power and wheel brakes to reduce the under- or over-steer.

To reduce large over-steer :

If the VSC system determines that the over-steer is large, it activates the brakes for the outer turning wheels depending on the degree of the over-steer to produce movement toward the outside of the vehicle and reduce the over-steer.

To reduce large under-steer :

If the VSC system determines that the under-steer is large, it controls the engine power and activates the rear wheel brakes to reduce the under-steer.

If an error occurs in the skid control ECU, sensor signals, and/or actuators, the skid control ECU prevents the brake actuator control and inputs an error signal to the engine control module. According to the error signal, the brake actuator turns off the solenoid and the engine control module rejects any electronically controlled throttle open request from the VSC system. As a result, the vehicle functions irrespective of the ABS, TRAC, and VSC systems.

The downhill assist control operation controls the braking action of each wheel to help prevent the vehicle from becoming unbalanced when descending a steep hill or traveling at a speed exceeding the gripping capabilities of the tires. When the downhill assist control is in operation, the brake system will adjust the vehicle speed within the range of 5 to 7 km/h.

When taking off while facing up a steep, the hill-start support control automatically applies the brake momentarily - from the moment when the driver releases his foot from the brake pedal until he steps on the accelerator pedal - to help the driver start the vehicle safely and smoothly.

Please bear in mind, however, that it only activates the brake system for a maximum of 3 seconds.

The auto LSD fulfills the role of an LSD (Limited Slip Differential) by using the TRAC system. It operates with a focus on 'getting out', which ensures run-off recovery and assists when taking off on roads with a high travel resistance such as sand.