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Electronic Circuit Inspection Procedure

  1. BASIC INSPECTION 
    1. WHEN MEASURING RESISTANCE OF ELECTRONIC PARTS
      1. Unless otherwise stated, all resistance measurements should be made at an ambient temperature of 20°C (68°F). Resistance measurements may be inaccurate if measured at high temperatures, i.e. immediately after the vehicle has been running. Measurements should be made after the engine has cooled down.
    2. HANDLING CONNECTORS
      Fig 1: Identifying Correct & Incorrect Methods Of Handling Connectors
      GTY281909Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002
      TEXT IN ILLUSTRATION

      *1 INCORRECT
      *2 CORRECT
      1. When disconnecting a connector, first squeeze the mating halves tightly together to release the lock, and then press the lock claw and separate the connector.
      2. When disconnecting a connector, do not pull on the harnesses. Grasp the connector directly and separate it.
      3. Before connecting a connector, check that there are no deformed, damaged, loose or missing terminals.
      4. When connecting a connector, press firmly until it locks with a "click" sound.
      5. If checking a connector with a TOYOTA electrical tester, check the connector from the backside (harness side) using a mini test lead.
        NOTE:
        • As a waterproof connector cannot be checked from the backside, check it by connecting a sub-harness.
        • Do not damage the terminals by moving the inserted tester needle.
    3. CHECKING CONNECTORS
      Fig 2: View Of Connector Check Points
      GTY217752Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002
      TEXT IN ILLUSTRATION

      *1 Core Wire
      *2 Looseness of Crimping
      *3 Terminal Deformation
      *4 Pull Lightly
      1. Checking when a connector is connected: Squeeze the connectors together to confirm that they are fully connected and locked.
      2. Checking when a connector is disconnected: Check by pulling the wire harness lightly from the backside of the connector. Look for unlatched terminals, missing terminals, loose crimps or broken conductor wires. Check visually for corrosion, metallic or foreign matter and water, and bent, rusted, overheated, contaminated, or deformed terminals.
      3. Checking the contact pressure of the terminal: Prepare a spare male terminal. Insert it into a female terminal, and check for ample tension when inserting and after full engagement.
        NOTE:

        When testing a gold-plated female terminal, always use a gold-plated male terminal.

        Fig 3: View Of Checking Contact Pressure Of Terminal
        GTY149802Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002
    4. REPAIR METHOD OF CONNECTOR TERMINAL
      Fig 4: Identifying Repair Method Of Connector Terminal
      GTY262546Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002
      TEXT IN ILLUSTRATION

      *1 CORRECT
      *2 INCORRECT
      1. If there is any foreign matter on the terminal, clean the contact point using an air gun or cloth. Never rub the contact point using sandpaper as the plating may come off.
      2. If there is abnormal contact pressure, replace the female terminal. If the male terminal is gold-plated (gold color), use a gold-plated female terminal; if it is silver-plated (silver color), use a silver-plated female terminal.
      3. Damaged, deformed, or corroded terminals should be replaced. If the terminal does not lock into the housing, the housing may have to be replaced.
    5. HANDLING OF WIRE HARNESS
      Fig 5: Identifying Handling Of Wire Harness
      GTY280289Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002
      TEXT IN ILLUSTRATION

      *1 INCORRECT
      1. If removing a wire harness, check the wiring and clamping before proceeding so that it can be restored in the same way.
      2. Never twist, pull or slacken the wire harness more than necessary.
      3. The wire harness should never come into contact with a high temperature part, or rotating, moving, vibrating or sharp-edged parts. Avoid contact with panel edges, screw tips and other sharp items.
      4. When installing parts, never pinch the wire harness.
      5. Never cut or break the cover of the wire harness. If it is cut or broken, replace it or repair it with vinyl tape.
  2. CHECK FOR OPEN CIRCUIT 
    Fig 6: Checking For Open Circuit (Fig. 1)
    GTY135597Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002
    1. For an open circuit in the wire harness in Fig. 1, check the resistance or voltage, as described below.
    2. Check the resistance.
      Fig 7: Measuring Resistance Between Connector Terminals (Fig. 2)
      GTY149807Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002
      1. Disconnect connectors A and C and measure the resistance between them.

        Standard Resistance (Fig. 2)

        Tester Connection Specified Condition
        Connector A terminal 1 - Connector C terminal 1 10 kΩ or higher
        Connector A terminal 2 - Connector C terminal 2 Below 1 Ω

        HINT: 

        Measure the resistance while lightly shaking the wire harness vertically and horizontally.

        If the results match the examples above, an open circuit exists between terminal 1 of connector A and terminal 1 of connector C.

      2. Disconnect connector B and measure the resistance between the connectors.
        Fig 8: View Of Measuring Resistance Between Connectors
        GTY149808Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002

        Standard Resistance (Fig. 3)

        Tester Connection Specified Condition
        Connector A terminal 1 - Connector B1 terminal 1 Below 1 Ω
        Connector B2 terminal 1 - Connector C terminal 1 10 kΩ or higher
        • If the results match the examples above, an open circuit exists between terminal 1 of connector B2 and terminal 1 of connector C.
    3. Check the voltage.
      Fig 9: View Of Measuring Voltage Between Body Ground And Terminals
      GTY149809Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002
      1. In a circuit in which voltage is applied to the ECU connector terminal, an open circuit can be checked by conducting a voltage check.

        With each connector still connected, measure the voltage between the body ground and these terminals (in this order): 1) terminal 1 of connector A; 2) terminal 1 of connector B; and 3) terminal 1 of connector C.

        Standard Voltage (Fig. 4)

        Tester Connection Specified Condition
        Connector A terminal 1 - Body ground 5 V
        Connector B terminal 1 - Body ground 5 V
        Connector C terminal 1 - Body ground Below 1 V
        • If the results match the examples above, an open circuit exists in the wire harness between terminal 1 of connector B and terminal 1 of connector C.
  3. CHECK FOR SHORT CIRCUIT 
    Fig 10: Measuring Voltage Between Body Ground And Terminals
    GTY149810Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002
    1. If the wire harness is ground shorted (Fig. 5), locate the section by conducting a resistance check with the body ground (below).
    2. Check the resistance with the body ground.
      Fig 11: Measuring Resistance Between Connectors A And C (Fig. 6)
      GTY149811Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002
      1. Disconnect connectors A and C and measure the resistance.

        Standard Resistance (Fig. 6)

        Tester Connection Specified Condition
        Connector A terminal 1 - Body ground Below 1 Ω
        Connector A terminal 2 - Body ground 10 kΩ or higher

        HINT: 

        Measure the resistance while lightly shaking the wire harness vertically and horizontally.

        If your results match the examples above, a short circuit exists between terminal 1 of connector A and terminal 1 of connector C.

      2. Disconnect connector B and measure the resistance.
        Fig 12: View Of Measuring Resistance
        GTY149812Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002

        Standard Resistance (Fig. 7)

        Tester Connection Specified Condition
        Connector A terminal 1 - Body ground 10 kΩ or higher
        Connector B2 terminal 1 - Body ground Below 1 Ω
        • If the results match the examples above, a short circuit exists between terminal 1 of connector B2 and terminal 1 of connector C.
  4. CHECK AND REPLACE ECU 
    NOTE:
    • The connector should not be disconnected from the ECU. Perform the inspection from the backside of the connector on the wire harness side.
    • When no measuring condition is specified, perform the inspection with the engine stopped and the engine switch on (IG).
    • Check that the connectors are fully seated. Check for loose, corroded or broken wires.
    1. First, check the ECU ground circuit. If it is faulty, repair it. If it is normal, the ECU could be faulty. Temporarily replace the ECU with a normally functioning one and check if the symptoms occur. If the trouble symptoms disappear, replace the original ECU.
      1. Measure the resistance between the ECU ground terminal and body ground.
        Fig 13: Identifying Resistance Between ECU Ground Terminal & Body Ground
        GTY269852Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002
        TEXT IN ILLUSTRATION

        *1 Ground

        Standard Resistance

        Below 1 Ω

      2. Disconnect the ECU connector. Check the ground terminal on the ECU side and wire harness side for bending, corrosion or foreign matter. Lastly, check the contact pressure of the female terminals.
        Fig 14: Inspecting ECU Connector & Terminals
        GTY217878Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002
        TEXT IN ILLUSTRATION

        *1 Component without harness connected
        (ECU)
        *2 Ground
        *3 Front view of wire harness connector
        (to ECU)
        *4 Ground
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